General Information: IUPAC Name: methyl-3-(benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylate Molar Mass: 303.353 g/mol Formula Name: C17H21NO4 Melting Point: 98° C Boiling Point: 187° C Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
Background:
Three thousand years before Christ was born, Incas would chew coca leaves in order to get their hearts racing and speed their breathing to help with the effects of living in thin mountain air. Native Peruvians chewed coca leaves only during religious ceremonies until 1532 when Spanish soldiers invaded Peru. Cocaine was first extracted from coca leaves in 1859 by German chemist Albert Niemann. Sigmund Freud used cocaine himself to promote the use for curing depression. In 1903 public pressure forced Coca-Cola to remove cocaine from their fizzy, soft drink. In 1912 the US government reported over 5,000 cocaine-related deaths in one year, and was legally banned by the end of that year. By the late 1980's, cocaine was no longer thought of a a drug, but a "wealthy man's drug" due to the high expense of the product. In the 1990's, Colombian drug cartels smuggled 500-800 tons of cocaine into the US, Asia, and Europe. In 2008, it became the second most trafficked illegal drug in the world.
Where is it found?
Benzoylmethyl ecgonine is found inside of Erythroxylen coca leaves. When extracted it is a rocky, white substance which is known today as "cocaine".
How is it obtained?
Today, most benzoylmethyl ecgnonine is obtained illegally through drug dealing.
Physical Properties/Reaction Tendencies:
Cocaine has a tendency to act as a painkilling and stimulant properties. The painkilling effects work by blocking the transmission of pain impulses from the nerves to the brain, allowing it to be used as a local anesthetic. In contrast, its stimulant action serves to increase the heart rate, the blood pressure and the breathing rate. It gives a high feeling to give alertness and intensifies the current mood.
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Percent Composition by Number
39.55
48.8%
2.3%
9.3%
Percent Composition by Mass
67.3%
7.1%
4.6%
21.1%
Types of Bonds:
Since benzoylmethyl ecgonine is a covalent compound, it has covalent bonds or coordinate bonds.
Uses and Importance:
People use benzoylmethyl ecgonine to get a "high" feeling. People use it to snort or smoke to better their mood or use it as a painkiller. There is no known importance for the compound, being it is illegal in over 20 countries worldwide. It can also be used as a topical anesthetic for eye and ear surgery. It is also used in Brompton's Cocktail which is given to some cancer patient to help with the pain. The cocktail has vodka, cherry syrup, morphine, and cocaine. The cocaine counteracts the tiredness cause by the morphine.
Table of Contents
Benzoylmethyl EcgonineBy: Becca
General Information:
IUPAC Name: methyl-3-(benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylate
Molar Mass: 303.353 g/mol
Formula Name: C17H21NO4
Melting Point: 98° C
Boiling Point: 187° C
Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
Background:
Three thousand years before Christ was born, Incas would chew coca leaves in order to get their hearts racing and speed their breathing to help with the effects of living in thin mountain air. Native Peruvians chewed coca leaves only during religious ceremonies until 1532 when Spanish soldiers invaded Peru. Cocaine was first extracted from coca leaves in 1859 by German chemist Albert Niemann. Sigmund Freud used cocaine himself to promote the use for curing depression. In 1903 public pressure forced Coca-Cola to remove cocaine from their fizzy, soft drink. In 1912 the US government reported over 5,000 cocaine-related deaths in one year, and was legally banned by the end of that year. By the late 1980's, cocaine was no longer thought of a a drug, but a "wealthy man's drug" due to the high expense of the product. In the 1990's, Colombian drug cartels smuggled 500-800 tons of cocaine into the US, Asia, and Europe. In 2008, it became the second most trafficked illegal drug in the world.Where is it found?
Benzoylmethyl ecgonine is found inside of Erythroxylen coca leaves. When extracted it is a rocky, white substance which is known today as "cocaine".How is it obtained?
Today, most benzoylmethyl ecgnonine is obtained illegally through drug dealing.Physical Properties/Reaction Tendencies:
Cocaine has a tendency to act as a painkilling and stimulant properties. The painkilling effects work by blocking the transmission of pain impulses from the nerves to the brain, allowing it to be used as a local anesthetic. In contrast, its stimulant action serves to increase the heart rate, the blood pressure and the breathing rate. It gives a high feeling to give alertness and intensifies the current mood.Types of Bonds:
Since benzoylmethyl ecgonine is a covalent compound, it has covalent bonds or coordinate bonds.Uses and Importance:
People use benzoylmethyl ecgonine to get a "high" feeling. People use it to snort or smoke to better their mood or use it as a painkiller. There is no known importance for the compound, being it is illegal in over 20 countries worldwide. It can also be used as a topical anesthetic for eye and ear surgery. It is also used in Brompton's Cocktail which is given to some cancer patient to help with the pain. The cocktail has vodka, cherry syrup, morphine, and cocaine. The cocaine counteracts the tiredness cause by the morphine.3D Molecular Structure:
3D model.bio
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Works Cited:
http://www.drugfreeworld.org/drugfacts/cocaine/a-short-history.htmlhttp://classic.t3db.org/toxins/T3D2927
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.10194104.html
http://www.druglibrary.org/schaffer/hemp/medical/meduse.html
http://www.zmescience.com/medicine/mind-and-brain/cocaine-rat-study-1002201/
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Side_effects_of_chronic_use_of_Cocaine.png
http://chemistry.about.com/od/factsstructures/ig/Chemical-Structures---B/Cocaine.-e5F.htm
http://globalwarming-arclein.blogspot.com/2010/11/child-slavery-and-cocoa.html